︽ᠦᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠯ ︵2023 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ︶︾ ᠢ | ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠮᠠᠯᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ | ᠡᠯᠡ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ ︵ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ︶᠂ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠠ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ | ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠥᠪ᠄ | ︽ᠦᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠯ ︵2023 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ︶︾ ᠢ | ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠳ᠂ ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠮᠠᠯᠯᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠠ᠂ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠂ | ᠲᠤᠤᠱᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠲᠤᠷ ᠠᠳᠬᠤᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ | ᠦᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ | 2024 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 1 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 24 ᠤ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ | 1 ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠳᠦᠷᠢᠮ | 1.1ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ | ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠮᠵᠢᠲᠡᠶ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ | ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠮᠵᠢᠲᠡᠶ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠤᠣᠷ ᠬᠥᠨᠥᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠬᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠤᠨ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠮᠠᠬᠠᠪᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠦᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ᠂ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ | 1.2 ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠯ | ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠ ︽ᠪᠥᠬᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠨᠡᠳᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ︾ ︽ᠪᠥᠬᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ | ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ︽ᠪᠥᠬᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠠᠰᠤ ︽ᠪᠥᠬᠦᠳᠡ | ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢ ︽ᠭᠡᠨᠡᠳᠲᠡ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠦᠷᠢᠮ︾ ︽ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠨᠡᠳᠲᠡ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ | ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠯ︾ ︽ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠯ︾ ︽ | ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠨᠡᠳᠲᠡ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ | ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠯ︾ ︽ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ | ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠯ︾ ︽ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠯ︾ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ | ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠯ᠂ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠠ᠃ | 1.3 ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠰ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ | ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ᠂ ᠬᠤᠣᠷ ᠬᠥᠨᠥᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠨ᠂ | ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠰ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨᠠ᠂ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠶ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ︵I ᠳᠡᠰ︶᠂ | ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ︵Ⅱ ᠳᠡᠰ︶᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠶᠡᠭᠡᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ︵Ⅲ ᠳᠡᠰ︶ ᠪᠠ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠡ᠊ᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ︵Ⅳ ᠳᠡᠰ︶ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃ | 1.4 ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡ | ᠲᠤᠰ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠯ ᠢ ᠡᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠳᠤ | ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ | 1.5 ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ | ︵1︶ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠣᠷ ᠬᠥᠨᠥᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠬᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ | ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ | ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠬᠦᠯ ᠰᠢᠷᠬᠠᠲᠤᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ | ︵2︶ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡᠢ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ︽ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡᠢ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠬᠤ᠂ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ | ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ᠂ ᠱᠠᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ︾ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ | ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ᠂ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ | ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠬᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳ | ᠪᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ | ︵3︶ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠦᠭᠰᠢᠭᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ | ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ᠂ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨᠴᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠮᠵᠢᠲᠡᠶ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ︔ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ | ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠩᠨᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳ ᠪᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠵᠢᠨᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ | ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠬᠢᠷᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ | ︵4︶ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠲᠦᠭᠰᠢᠭᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠬᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠤᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ | ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠂ | ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠲᠤᠲᠤᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠦᠷᠢᠮ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠷᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ | ᠲᠦᠭᠰᠢᠭᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ᠂ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠨᠠ︔ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠪᠠ | ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠮᠳᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠵᠤ᠂ | ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠱᠠᠲᠤ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠯᠬᠦᠮ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ | ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠥᠪᠡᠰᠦᠪᠡᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠬᠠᠮᠰᠠᠷ ᠪᠠ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨᠡ᠃ | 2 ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠯᠭᠠ | 2 .1 ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠪᠡ | ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠠ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ | ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ | ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ ︵ᠱᠠᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠬᠦ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯ 1 ᠳᠤ ᠦᠵᠡ︶᠃ I ᠳᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ | ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠᠯ᠂ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ | ᠨᠤᠲᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ᠂ ᠤᠷᠢᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ | ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ II ᠲᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ᠂ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ᠂ | ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠠᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ︔ Ⅲ ᠲᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ | ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠢᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ | ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ︔ Ⅳ ᠳᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠᠯ᠂ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠠ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ Ⅳ ᠳᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠤᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠲᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠴᠤ᠂ | ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠬᠤ | ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡᠢ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠯᠣᠭᠤᠳᠤᠨᠠ᠃ | 2 .2 ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ | ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠ᠂ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡᠢ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠ᠂ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ︵ᠳᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨᠠ︶ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠵᠢᠯᠣᠭᠤᠳᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠳᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ | ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠬᠤ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠳ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠳᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠤᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠲᠡᠰ᠂ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ | ᠪᠠ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ᠂ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯ᠂ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ | ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ᠂ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ᠂ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ᠂ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ | ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯ᠂ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ᠂ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ᠂ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ | ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ᠂ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ᠂ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠮᠢᠷ ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠷᠠᠳᠢᠣ᠋ ᠲᠧᠯᠸᠢᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ᠂ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯ᠂ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ | ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ᠂ ᠵᠠᠬᠠ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ᠂ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ᠂ | ᠣᠶ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠪᠡᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ᠃ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ | ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠦᠷ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠠ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ | ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠵᠦ᠂ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠠ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠ | ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ | 2 .3 ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠯᠭᠠ | ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡᠢ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠩ ᠤᠨ | ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠲᠦ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠂ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠨ᠂ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠩ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠨ | ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠥᠷᠨᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨᠡ᠃ | 2 .4 ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠯᠭᠠ | ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠲᠤᠲᠤᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠭᠤᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ | ᠲᠤᠤᠱᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ | ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠨᠠ︔ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠢᠯᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠮᠵᠢᠲᠡᠶ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠨ | ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠨ | ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠨᠡ ᠃ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠠ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ᠂ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ᠂ | ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ | ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠨᠡ︔ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠥᠪᠳᠡᠯᠴᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ | ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠢᠮᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠳᠦᠷᠢᠮ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ | ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ᠂ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠮᠵᠢᠲᠡᠶ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠨᠡᠨᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ | 2 .5 ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠯᠭᠠ | ᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡᠢ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠥᠷᠨᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ | ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠮᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠨ᠂ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ | ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠲᠡᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠨᠠ ᠃ | 2 .6 ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠯᠭᠠ | ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠩ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ | ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠲᠤᠨᠢ ᠥᠷᠨᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠩ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡᠢ | ᠵᠢᠯᠣᠭᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠥᠷᠨᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠥᠷᠨᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ | ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ ᠃ | ︵1︶ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠩ᠄ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠠ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ᠂ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠺᠣᠮᠢᠰ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ | ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ | ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠤᠨᠠ; ᠶᠠᠯᠠ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠡᠵᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠᠯ᠂ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠩᠰᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠲᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ | ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠡᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠲᠤᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠦᠶᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠲᠤ | ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠩ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠢ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠥᠷᠨᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃ | ︵2︶ ᠬᠤᠣᠷ ᠬᠥᠨᠥᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠩ᠄ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠠ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦᠯᠡᠨ᠂ | ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠂ ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠬᠡᠢ ᠡᠳ᠋᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ | ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠡᠭᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠠᠷᠠᠯᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠪᠢᠲᠡᠭᠦᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠵᠤ᠂ | ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠴᠤ᠂ ᠭᠦᠢᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠡᠵᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠨᠡᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠬᠤᠣᠷ ᠬᠥᠨᠥᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠨ | ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ | ︵3︶ ᠡᠮᠨᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠩ᠄ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠺᠣᠮᠢᠰ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠤᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠂ ᠡᠮᠨᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠮᠨᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠨᠡᠪᠲᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ | ᠵᠠᠮ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠣᠷ ᠬᠥᠨᠥᠭᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠢ | ᠡᠮᠨᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠦᠬᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ | ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨᠡ᠃ | ︵4︶ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠬᠦ ᠳᠤᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠩ᠄ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠺᠣᠮᠢᠰ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ | ᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠴᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠡᠷᠢᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠰᠢ ᠶᠢ | ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠤᠷᠰᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠵᠠᠪᠳᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠯ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ | ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠯᠠᠪᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ | ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ | ︵5︶ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠩ᠄ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ᠂ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠢ | ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠥᠷᠢᠴᠡᠯ ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠷᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ | ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠶᠠᠯᠠ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠡᠵᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠥᠷᠨᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠰᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠢ | ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠣᠯᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ | ︵6︶ ᠰᠣᠨᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠩ᠄ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠲᠡᠰ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ᠂ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠠ | ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ᠂ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠺᠣᠮᠢᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ᠂ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ | ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠺᠣᠮᠢᠰ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠯᠴᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ | ᠵᠢᠯᠣᠭᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ | ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠢᠨᠡ᠃ | ︵7︶ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠤᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠩ᠄ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ | ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠤᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠩ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ | ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ | ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠲᠦ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ | | ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠪᠠᠯ᠂ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ | ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠩ ᠢ ᠠᠰ ᠲᠤᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠲᠤᠬᠢ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠴᠤ | ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃ | 2.7 ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ | ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠭᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ | ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠠ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ᠂ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ | ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠺᠣᠮᠢᠰ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠥᠷᠨᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ | 3 ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠ | 3 .1 ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠ | ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ᠂ ᠡᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ | ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠠᠨ | ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠣᠷ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠯᠬᠤᠮ ᠠᠯᠬᠤᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠷᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠡᠳ᠋ᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ | ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨᠡ᠃ | ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠶᠠᠩᠬᠤᠸᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠶᠢ | ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠨᠠᠪᠲᠠᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ | ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠴᠤᠭᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ ᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ | 3 . 2 ᠡᠮ ᠡᠮᠨᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠ | ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠷ᠂ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠤᠭ᠂ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ᠂ | ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠢ | ᠭᠡᠮᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠭᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠬᠤ | ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠥᠷᠨᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ᠂ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠯ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ | ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠥᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ︔ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠮᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮᠯᠢᠭ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠴᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠡᠮᠨᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ | ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠩᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ | 3.3 ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠ | ᠵᠠᠬᠠ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ | ᠤᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨᠠᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠤᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠨ | ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠥᠷᠨᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠤ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠨ᠂ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠷᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ | ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠩᠨᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨᠰᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠭᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠰ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠬᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ | ᠰᠡᠷᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠬᠤ | ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ᠂ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠂ | ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤᠷᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠨ | ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ | 3 . 4 ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠ | ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢ᠂ ᠲᠥᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠢ | ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠪᠰᠢ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ | ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ | 3 . 5 ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠ | ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠢ | ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠴᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠂ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠵᠤ | ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠂ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ | ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠢ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠥᠭᠬᠦ | ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ | 3 . 6 ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯ | ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠᠨ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠨ | ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ᠂ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠢ | ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠠ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠮᠰᠢᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ | ᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠮᠰᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠭᠰᠢᠭᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠮᠰᠠᠷ | ᠪᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ | 4 . ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠂ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠬᠦ | 4 .1 ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ | ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠠ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤᠷᠠᠨ᠂ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠲᠦᠭᠰᠢᠭᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ᠂ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠲᠦᠭᠰᠢᠭᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ | ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠪᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠢᠷᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠣᠬᠢᠷᠲᠤᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠤᠣᠷᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠦᠭᠰᠢᠭᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ | ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠦᠭᠰᠢᠭᠦᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ | ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠦᠭᠰᠢᠭᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ | ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠴᠠᠭ | ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠮᠵᠢᠲᠡᠶ | ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ | 4 .2 ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠯᠲᠡ | 4 . 2 .1 ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠯᠲᠡ | ︵1︶ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ | ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ᠃ | ︵2︶ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ︔ | ︵3︶ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠭᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠨᠡᠳᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠢ | ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ᠃ | ︵4︶ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ᠃ | ︵5︶ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠭᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ᠃ | ︵6︶ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠭᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ᠃ | ︵7︶ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ᠂ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ᠂ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ︵ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ᠂ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ︶᠂ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ | ᠬᠤᠳᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠳᠠ᠂ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠨᠡ᠃ | 4 .2 .2 ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠴᠢ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ | ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠱᠠᠲᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ᠂ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ | ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠨᠡᠳᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠨᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠱᠠᠲᠤ | ᠠᠯᠤᠰᠯᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃ | ︵1︶ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠯ | ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ 2 ᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠠ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ | ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ | ︵2︶ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠲᠦᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠴᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ 2 ᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ | ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠠ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠲᠤ | ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ | ︵3︶ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠡᠮᠨᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ | ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ | ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ | ︵4︶ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠯᠬᠦᠮ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ | ᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠠ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ | ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ | ︵5︶ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ | ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠᠯ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠠ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ | ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠠᠩᠬᠠ ᠠᠯᠬᠤᠮ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ | ᠬᠠᠷᠭᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠴᠤᠭᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠴᠠᠭ | ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠠ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ | ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ | ︵6︶ ᠠᠩᠬᠠ ᠠᠯᠬᠤᠮ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠭᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ | ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠᠯ᠂ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠠ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ | ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠬᠤᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠠ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ | 4 .2 .3 ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ | ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠡᠮ ᠡᠮᠨᠡᠯᠭᠡ᠂ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠯᠬᠦᠮ᠂ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠠ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ | ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠨᠡᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠰᠡᠵᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ᠂ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ | ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ | ᠵᠠᠬᠠ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ | ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ᠂ ︽ | ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠯᠧᠮᠧᠨ᠋ᠲ ᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠂ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠂ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠢ | ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ︾ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠯᠬᠤᠮ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠭᠤᠣᠯᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ | ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨᠡ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠤᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ᠂ ᠴᠠᠭ᠂ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠂ ᠬᠤᠣᠷ ᠬᠥᠨᠥᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ᠂ ᠦᠬᠦᠵᠦ ᠰᠢᠷᠬᠠᠲᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠤ | ᠲᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ︵ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ᠂ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ | ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠮᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠨᠠ︶᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨᠲᠡ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ᠂ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢ ᠥᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ | ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠬᠢᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨᠡ᠃ | 4 .3 ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠬᠦ | 4 . 3 .1 ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠯᠲᠡ | ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠠ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠ | ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠠ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ | ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ | ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠥᠷᠨᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ | 4 . 3 . 2 ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ | ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠪᠤᠪᠠᠰᠤ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠬᠤ | ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠮᠥᠨ᠃ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠬᠦ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ᠄ | ︵1︶ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠣᠬᠢᠷᠲᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠮᠡᠡᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡ᠂ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ | ᠮᠡᠡᠳᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠤᠷᠰᠢᠭ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠨᠣᠴᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠬᠦ᠃ | ︵2︶ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠨᠣᠴᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ᠃ | ︵3︶ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠰᠢ᠃ | 5 ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯ | 5 .1ᠤᠷᠢᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ | 5 .1ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ | ᠰᠡᠵᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠬᠡᠢ ᠡᠳ᠋᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠯ᠂ ᠲᠤᠨᠤᠭ ᠲᠥᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠢ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ | ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ | ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ | ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡᠴᠡᠭᠡᠪᠡᠷ᠂ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ | ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ | 5 .1 . 2 ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠣᠷ ᠬᠥᠨᠥᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠬᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠨᠠ᠃ | ︵1︶ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠺᠣᠮᠢᠰ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ | ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ | ︵2︶ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠠ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ | ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠬᠡᠢ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ᠂ ᠪᠣᠬᠢᠷᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠯ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠢᠲᠡᠭᠦᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ | ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨᠠ᠃ | ︵3︶ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠭᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠠ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠵᠢᠨ | ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ | ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠬᠤᠯ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ | ︵4︶ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠠ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ | ᠣᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠲᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠ ᠠᠯᠬᠤᠮ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠭᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ | ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ | 5. 2 ᠳᠡᠰ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ | ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠨᠡᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠰ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠨᠡᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ I ᠲᠠᠰ᠂ II ᠲᠠᠰ᠂ Ⅲ ᠲᠠᠰ ᠪᠠ IV ᠲᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨᠠ᠃ I ᠳᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ | ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠨᠡᠳᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ | ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠴᠤᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠲᠤᠬᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠢ II ᠲᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ | ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ᠂ | ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ︔ Ⅲ ᠲᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ | ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠰ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠃ IV ᠲᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ | ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ | ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠨᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨᠡ ︵ | ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠯ ᠢ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯ 5 ᠳᠤ ᠦᠵᠡ︶᠃ 30 ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠬᠤᠣᠷᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ IV ᠳᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠣᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ | ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠱᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠩ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠨ | ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠵᠢᠯᠣᠭᠤᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ | ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ IV ᠲᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠤᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠲᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ | ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡᠢ ᠵᠢᠯᠣᠭᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠ᠂ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ | ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ | ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ᠂ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠥᠬᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ | ᠥᠷᠨᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠬᠢᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ | ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠠᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠥᠷᠨᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠠ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠ | ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ | ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ | ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠢᠷᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠭᠡᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠪᠠᠯ᠂ ︽ᠪᠥᠬᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ | ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ︾ ᠪᠠ ︽ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠭᠡᠨᠡᠳᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠯ︾ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ | ᠡᠵᠡᠮᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠥᠷᠨᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨᠡ᠃ | 5.3 ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ | IV ᠲᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ᠂ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠤᠣᠷ ᠬᠥᠨᠥᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ | ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠣᠷ ᠬᠥᠨᠥᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨᠡ᠄ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ︵ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠬᠤ︶ ︱ ᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ︱ ᠴᠤᠪᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠭᠰᠥᠯ ︱ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ︱ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ︱ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ︱ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠯᠴᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ | ᠬᠥᠲᠥᠯᠥᠨ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠬᠤ ︱ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠨᠠ᠃ | ︵1︶ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠮᠵᠢᠲᠡᠶ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ | ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠨᠡᠳᠡᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠥᠷᠨᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨᠡ | ᠃ | ︵2︶ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠭᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠢ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠬᠤᠯ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠥᠷᠨᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠴᠠᠭ | ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠥᠯᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ | ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠡᠷᠢᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠶᠠᠯᠠ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠡᠵᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠᠯ᠂ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ | ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠥᠷᠢᠴᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠶᠠᠯᠠᠲᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠩᠨᠠᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠥᠷᠨᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ | | ︵3︶ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ᠂ ᠵᠠᠬᠠ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ | ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠬᠡᠢ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠪᠣᠬᠢᠷᠲᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠯ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠣᠨᠳᠣᠣ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠢᠲᠡᠭᠦᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠺᠣᠮᠢᠰ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠢᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠪᠣᠬᠢᠷᠲᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠯ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠤᠶᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠳᠬᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠣᠬᠢᠷᠲᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ | ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ | ︵4︶ ᠬᠤᠣᠷ ᠬᠥᠨᠥᠭᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠬᠢᠷᠲᠤᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠨᠤᠲᠠᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠬᠡᠢ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠢ | ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠢᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠡᠭᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠣᠭᠰᠤᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠬᠤᠣᠷ | ᠬᠥᠨᠥᠭᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠬᠡᠢ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠢ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠬᠢᠷᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠᠯ ᠪᠢᠲᠡᠭᠦᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ | ︵5︶ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ᠂ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ | ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠵᠤ᠂ | ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ | 5.4 ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠬᠦ | ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ | ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠤᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠩ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ | ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠰᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠡ | ᠤᠷᠰᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠯᠠᠪᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ | ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠤᠳᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠲᠦᠭᠰᠢᠭᠦᠷᠢᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ | ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠰᠢᠷᠬᠠᠲᠤᠭᠰᠠᠳ ᠢ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷ᠂ | ᠪᠣᠬᠢᠷᠲᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠮᠡᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠮᠡᠯ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨᠲᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠢ | ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ | 5.5 ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠯᠲᠠ | ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠳᠦ᠂ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳᠴᠢ ᠵᠢᠮᠡ | ᠶᠣᠰᠣ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠮᠯᠠᠨ᠂ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠮᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠂ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠷᠡ | ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠵᠦ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠲᠡᠰ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠨᠢ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ | ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠵᠦ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠰᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ | 5.5. 1 ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠴᠡᠯ | (1) ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠳᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ | ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠠᠯᠬᠤᠮ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦᠷᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠤᠣᠷ ᠬᠥᠨᠥᠭᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ | ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠢᠶᠠᠨᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ | ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠲᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ᠂ ᠪᠥᠬᠦ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠪᠦᠰᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠢ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ | ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠰ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ | ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠮᠵᠢᠲᠡᠶ ᠪᠠᠷ | ᠡᠵᠡᠮᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠨᠡᠨᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨᠠ᠃ | ( 2 ) ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠳᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ | ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠣᠷ ᠬᠥᠨᠥᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠮᠵᠢᠲᠡᠶ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠨ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠣᠷ ᠬᠥᠨᠥᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ | ᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠠᠯᠬᠤᠮ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ | ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠰ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃ | ︵3︶ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠯ | ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ᠂ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠨ | ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠨ ᠴᠤᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠲᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠᠯ᠂ ᠴᠤᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠲᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠵᠣᠭᠰᠤᠭᠠᠬᠤ | ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠄ | ︱ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠬᠠᠲᠤᠭᠰᠠᠳ ᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ 24 | ᠴᠠᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠢᠷᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ | ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠭᠳᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠥᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ | ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ︔ | ︱ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠪᠣᠬᠢᠷᠲᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠮᠵᠢᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠣᠬᠢᠷᠲᠤᠯ ᠢ | ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠮᠵᠢᠲᠡᠢ ᠴᠡᠪᠡᠷᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠴᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠮᠡᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠮᠡᠯ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠪᠠ᠃ | 5.5. 2 ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠫᠷᠣᠭ᠍ᠷᠠᠮ | IV ᠲᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠨ | ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠳᠡᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠴᠡᠨᠡ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ | ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠳᠡᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠴᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ | ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨᠡ᠃ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ᠂ | ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠲᠠᠰ ᠲᠠᠢ | ᠤᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠴᠡᠨᠡ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ | ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠣᠭᠰᠤᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠴᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ | ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨᠡ᠃ | 5 . 6 ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ | IV ᠲᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ | ᠰᠣᠨᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠰᠣᠨᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠳᠤ | ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠯᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠲᠥᠯᠥᠨ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠢᠨᠡ᠃ | 6 ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ | 6 .1 ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ | ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠲᠤᠬᠢ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠢ ᠲᠥᠪᠬᠢᠨᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠂ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠥᠭᠬᠦ᠂ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠥᠭᠬᠦ᠂ | ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠨᠠ; ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠬᠦ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ᠂ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠠᠮᠰᠠᠭᠰᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠡᠮᠨᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠥᠭᠬᠦ | ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠯᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠥᠭᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ︔ ᠪᠣᠬᠢᠷᠲᠤᠯ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠢ | ᠴᠤᠭᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠴᠡᠪᠡᠷᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ᠃ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠤᠳ | ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠨᠠᠬᠢ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠲᠡᠢ ᠯᠠᠪᠳᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ᠂ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠵᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠮᠪᠠᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠬᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠠᠮᠰᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ | ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠳᠥᠪᠬᠢᠨᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠤᠨᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠬᠢ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠮ ᠢ | ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠷᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ | ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠭᠥᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠮᠰᠢᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ | ᠥᠷᠨᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ | ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ | ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠠᠮᠰᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠥᠭᠴᠦ᠂ ᠬᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠠᠮᠰᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠨᠠᠬᠢ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ | ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ | 6 . 2 ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠣᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ | 6 . 2 .1 ᠪᠠᠷ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠬᠤ | ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠲᠣᠪᠣᠶᠢᠮᠠ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ | ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠷᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠥᠬᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ | ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠨᠠ᠃ | 6 . 2 . 2 ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠡᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ | ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ | ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠲᠤᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠᠯ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ | ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠶᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠᠯ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ | ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠡᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ | 6 . 3 ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ | ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠠ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠ | ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠨᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ | ᠂ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠥᠷᠨᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢᠪᠲᠤᠷ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ | ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠴᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠠᠯᠬᠤᠮ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠷᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨᠡ᠃ | 7 ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳᠦᠷᠢᠮ | 7 . 1 ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ | ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠤᠤᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠬᠡᠢ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯ | ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠮᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠂ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠦ ᠡᠮᠨᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ | ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ | ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠣᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠬᠤᠣᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠᠰᠤ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠮᠡ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠳ᠋᠊ ᠤ | ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠴᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠴᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠣᠷ ᠬᠥᠨᠥᠭᠡᠯ | ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠡᠯᠧᠮᠧᠨ᠋ᠲ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠤᠣᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠣᠷᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ | ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠣᠷᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠣᠷ ᠬᠥᠨᠥᠭᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠣᠬᠢᠷᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠤᠣᠷ ᠬᠥᠨᠥᠭᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ | ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠢᠷᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ︵ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠣᠷᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ︶᠂ | ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠣᠬᠢᠷᠲᠤᠯ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠢᠷᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠣᠷ ᠬᠥᠨᠥᠭᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠤᠣᠷ ᠬᠥᠨᠥᠭᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | 7 . 2 ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠢᠨᠡᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ | ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ | ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠯᠲᠠ | ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠳᠦ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ | ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠳᠦ᠂ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠨᠢ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ | ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠷᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ | 7.3 ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠂ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠯᠲᠠ | ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠲᠤ | ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠤᠷᠠ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ | ᠥᠷᠨᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠨᠡᠨ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠂ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯ | ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠯ ᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠠᠯᠬᠤᠮ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠷᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ | 7. 4 ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠪᠡ | ᠲᠤᠰ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠯ ᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠮᠠᠯᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨᠡ᠃ | | | |